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Comparing branches/development/src/nonbonded/Electrostatic.cpp (file contents):
Revision 1505 by gezelter, Sun Oct 3 22:18:59 2010 UTC vs.
Revision 1877 by gezelter, Thu Jun 6 15:43:35 2013 UTC

# Line 34 | Line 34
34   * work.  Good starting points are:
35   *                                                                      
36   * [1]  Meineke, et al., J. Comp. Chem. 26, 252-271 (2005).            
37 < * [2]  Fennell & Gezelter, J. Chem. Phys. 124, 234104 (2006).          
38 < * [3]  Sun, Lin & Gezelter, J. Chem. Phys. 128, 24107 (2008).          
39 < * [4]  Vardeman & Gezelter, in progress (2009).                        
37 > * [2]  Fennell & Gezelter, J. Chem. Phys. 124 234104 (2006).          
38 > * [3]  Sun, Lin & Gezelter, J. Chem. Phys. 128, 234107 (2008).          
39 > * [4]  Kuang & Gezelter,  J. Chem. Phys. 133, 164101 (2010).
40 > * [5]  Vardeman, Stocker & Gezelter, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 7, 834 (2011).
41   */
42  
43   #include <stdio.h>
# Line 46 | Line 47
47   #include "nonbonded/Electrostatic.hpp"
48   #include "utils/simError.h"
49   #include "types/NonBondedInteractionType.hpp"
50 < #include "types/DirectionalAtomType.hpp"
50 > #include "types/FixedChargeAdapter.hpp"
51 > #include "types/FluctuatingChargeAdapter.hpp"
52 > #include "types/MultipoleAdapter.hpp"
53 > #include "io/Globals.hpp"
54 > #include "nonbonded/SlaterIntegrals.hpp"
55 > #include "utils/PhysicalConstants.hpp"
56 > #include "math/erfc.hpp"
57 > #include "math/SquareMatrix.hpp"
58  
51
59   namespace OpenMD {
60    
61    Electrostatic::Electrostatic(): name_("Electrostatic"), initialized_(false),
62 <                                  forceField_(NULL) {}
62 >                                  forceField_(NULL), info_(NULL),
63 >                                  haveCutoffRadius_(false),
64 >                                  haveDampingAlpha_(false),
65 >                                  haveDielectric_(false),
66 >                                  haveElectroSplines_(false)
67 >  {}
68    
69    void Electrostatic::initialize() {
70 +    
71 +    Globals* simParams_ = info_->getSimParams();
72 +
73 +    summationMap_["HARD"]               = esm_HARD;
74 +    summationMap_["NONE"]               = esm_HARD;
75 +    summationMap_["SWITCHING_FUNCTION"] = esm_SWITCHING_FUNCTION;
76 +    summationMap_["SHIFTED_POTENTIAL"]  = esm_SHIFTED_POTENTIAL;
77 +    summationMap_["SHIFTED_FORCE"]      = esm_SHIFTED_FORCE;    
78 +    summationMap_["TAYLOR_SHIFTED"]     = esm_TAYLOR_SHIFTED;    
79 +    summationMap_["REACTION_FIELD"]     = esm_REACTION_FIELD;    
80 +    summationMap_["EWALD_FULL"]         = esm_EWALD_FULL;        
81 +    summationMap_["EWALD_PME"]          = esm_EWALD_PME;        
82 +    summationMap_["EWALD_SPME"]         = esm_EWALD_SPME;        
83 +    screeningMap_["DAMPED"]             = DAMPED;
84 +    screeningMap_["UNDAMPED"]           = UNDAMPED;
85 +
86      // these prefactors convert the multipole interactions into kcal / mol
87      // all were computed assuming distances are measured in angstroms
88      // Charge-Charge, assuming charges are measured in electrons
# Line 62 | Line 90 | namespace OpenMD {
90      // Charge-Dipole, assuming charges are measured in electrons, and
91      // dipoles are measured in debyes
92      pre12_ = 69.13373;
93 <    // Dipole-Dipole, assuming dipoles are measured in debyes
93 >    // Dipole-Dipole, assuming dipoles are measured in Debye
94      pre22_ = 14.39325;
95      // Charge-Quadrupole, assuming charges are measured in electrons, and
96      // quadrupoles are measured in 10^-26 esu cm^2
97 <    // This unit is also known affectionately as an esu centi-barn.
97 >    // This unit is also known affectionately as an esu centibarn.
98      pre14_ = 69.13373;
99 <    
99 >    // Dipole-Quadrupole, assuming dipoles are measured in debyes and
100 >    // quadrupoles in esu centibarns:
101 >    pre24_ = 14.39325;
102 >    // Quadrupole-Quadrupole, assuming esu centibarns:
103 >    pre44_ = 14.39325;
104 >
105      // conversions for the simulation box dipole moment
106      chargeToC_ = 1.60217733e-19;
107      angstromToM_ = 1.0e-10;
108      debyeToCm_ = 3.33564095198e-30;
109      
110 <    // number of points for electrostatic splines
110 >    // Default number of points for electrostatic splines
111      np_ = 100;
112      
113      // variables to handle different summation methods for long-range
114      // electrostatics:
115 <    summationMethod_ = NONE;    
115 >    summationMethod_ = esm_HARD;    
116      screeningMethod_ = UNDAMPED;
117      dielectric_ = 1.0;
85    one_third_ = 1.0 / 3.0;
86    haveDefaultCutoff_ = false;
87    haveDampingAlpha_ = false;
88    haveDielectric_ = false;  
89    haveElectroSpline_ = false;
118    
119 <    // find all of the Electrostatic atom Types:
120 <    ForceField::AtomTypeContainer* atomTypes = forceField_->getAtomTypes();
121 <    ForceField::AtomTypeContainer::MapTypeIterator i;
122 <    AtomType* at;
123 <
124 <    for (at = atomTypes->beginType(i); at != NULL;
125 <         at = atomTypes->nextType(i)) {
126 <      
127 <      if (at->isElectrostatic())
128 <        addType(at);
119 >    // check the summation method:
120 >    if (simParams_->haveElectrostaticSummationMethod()) {
121 >      string myMethod = simParams_->getElectrostaticSummationMethod();
122 >      toUpper(myMethod);
123 >      map<string, ElectrostaticSummationMethod>::iterator i;
124 >      i = summationMap_.find(myMethod);
125 >      if ( i != summationMap_.end() ) {
126 >        summationMethod_ = (*i).second;
127 >      } else {
128 >        // throw error
129 >        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
130 >                 "Electrostatic::initialize: Unknown electrostaticSummationMethod.\n"
131 >                 "\t(Input file specified %s .)\n"
132 >                 "\telectrostaticSummationMethod must be one of: \"hard\",\n"
133 >                 "\t\"shifted_potential\", \"shifted_force\",\n"
134 >                 "\t\"taylor_shifted\", or \"reaction_field\".\n",
135 >                 myMethod.c_str() );
136 >        painCave.isFatal = 1;
137 >        simError();
138 >      }
139 >    } else {
140 >      // set ElectrostaticSummationMethod to the cutoffMethod:
141 >      if (simParams_->haveCutoffMethod()){
142 >        string myMethod = simParams_->getCutoffMethod();
143 >        toUpper(myMethod);
144 >        map<string, ElectrostaticSummationMethod>::iterator i;
145 >        i = summationMap_.find(myMethod);
146 >        if ( i != summationMap_.end() ) {
147 >          summationMethod_ = (*i).second;
148 >        }
149 >      }
150      }
151      
152 +    if (summationMethod_ == esm_REACTION_FIELD) {        
153 +      if (!simParams_->haveDielectric()) {
154 +        // throw warning
155 +        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
156 +                 "SimInfo warning: dielectric was not specified in the input file\n\tfor the reaction field correction method.\n"
157 +                 "\tA default value of %f will be used for the dielectric.\n", dielectric_);
158 +        painCave.isFatal = 0;
159 +        painCave.severity = OPENMD_INFO;
160 +        simError();
161 +      } else {
162 +        dielectric_ = simParams_->getDielectric();      
163 +      }
164 +      haveDielectric_ = true;
165 +    }
166 +    
167 +    if (simParams_->haveElectrostaticScreeningMethod()) {
168 +      string myScreen = simParams_->getElectrostaticScreeningMethod();
169 +      toUpper(myScreen);
170 +      map<string, ElectrostaticScreeningMethod>::iterator i;
171 +      i = screeningMap_.find(myScreen);
172 +      if ( i != screeningMap_.end()) {
173 +        screeningMethod_ = (*i).second;
174 +      } else {
175 +        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
176 +                 "SimInfo error: Unknown electrostaticScreeningMethod.\n"
177 +                 "\t(Input file specified %s .)\n"
178 +                 "\telectrostaticScreeningMethod must be one of: \"undamped\"\n"
179 +                 "or \"damped\".\n", myScreen.c_str() );
180 +        painCave.isFatal = 1;
181 +        simError();
182 +      }
183 +    }
184 +
185      // check to make sure a cutoff value has been set:
186 <    if (!haveDefaultCutoff_) {
186 >    if (!haveCutoffRadius_) {
187        sprintf( painCave.errMsg, "Electrostatic::initialize has no Default "
188                 "Cutoff value!\n");
189        painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
190        painCave.isFatal = 1;
191        simError();
192      }
193 <
194 <    defaultCutoff2_ = defaultCutoff_ * defaultCutoff_;
195 <    rcuti_ = 1.0 / defaultCutoff_;
196 <    rcuti2_ = rcuti_ * rcuti_;
197 <    rcuti3_ = rcuti2_ * rcuti_;
198 <    rcuti4_ = rcuti2_ * rcuti2_;
199 <
200 <    if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
201 <      if (!haveDampingAlpha_) {
202 <        sprintf( painCave.errMsg, "Electrostatic::initialize has no "
203 <                 "DampingAlpha value!\n");
204 <        painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
205 <        painCave.isFatal = 1;
193 >          
194 >    if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {      
195 >      if (!simParams_->haveDampingAlpha()) {
196 >        // first set a cutoff dependent alpha value
197 >        // we assume alpha depends linearly with rcut from 0 to 20.5 ang
198 >        dampingAlpha_ = 0.425 - cutoffRadius_* 0.02;
199 >        if (dampingAlpha_ < 0.0) dampingAlpha_ = 0.0;
200 >        
201 >        // throw warning
202 >        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
203 >                 "Electrostatic::initialize: dampingAlpha was not specified in the\n"
204 >                 "\tinput file.  A default value of %f (1/ang) will be used for the\n"
205 >                 "\tcutoff of %f (ang).\n",
206 >                 dampingAlpha_, cutoffRadius_);
207 >        painCave.severity = OPENMD_INFO;
208 >        painCave.isFatal = 0;
209          simError();
210 +      } else {
211 +        dampingAlpha_ = simParams_->getDampingAlpha();
212        }
213 +      haveDampingAlpha_ = true;
214 +    }
215  
216 <      alpha2_ = dampingAlpha_ * dampingAlpha_;
217 <      alpha4_ = alpha2_ * alpha2_;
218 <      alpha6_ = alpha4_ * alpha2_;
219 <      alpha8_ = alpha4_ * alpha4_;
216 >    // find all of the Electrostatic atom Types:
217 >    ForceField::AtomTypeContainer* atomTypes = forceField_->getAtomTypes();
218 >    ForceField::AtomTypeContainer::MapTypeIterator i;
219 >    AtomType* at;
220 >    
221 >    for (at = atomTypes->beginType(i); at != NULL;
222 >         at = atomTypes->nextType(i)) {
223        
224 <      constEXP_ = exp(-alpha2_ * defaultCutoff2_);
225 <      invRootPi_ = 0.56418958354775628695;
226 <      alphaPi_ = 2.0 * dampingAlpha_ * invRootPi_;
224 >      if (at->isElectrostatic())
225 >        addType(at);
226 >    }  
227 >    
228 >    if (summationMethod_ == esm_REACTION_FIELD) {
229 >      preRF_ = (dielectric_ - 1.0) /
230 >        ((2.0 * dielectric_ + 1.0) * pow(cutoffRadius_,3) );
231 >    }
232 >    
233 >    RealType b0c, b1c, b2c, b3c, b4c, b5c;
234 >    RealType db0c_1, db0c_2, db0c_3, db0c_4, db0c_5;
235 >    RealType a2, expTerm, invArootPi;
236 >    
237 >    RealType r = cutoffRadius_;
238 >    RealType r2 = r * r;
239 >    RealType ric = 1.0 / r;
240 >    RealType ric2 = ric * ric;
241  
242 <      c1c_ = erfc(dampingAlpha_ * defaultCutoff_) * rcuti_;
243 <      c2c_ = alphaPi_ * constEXP_ * rcuti_ + c1c_ * rcuti_;
244 <      c3c_ = 2.0 * alphaPi_ * alpha2_ + 3.0 * c2c_ * rcuti_;
245 <      c4c_ = 4.0 * alphaPi_ * alpha4_ + 5.0 * c3c_ * rcuti2_;
246 <      c5c_ = 8.0 * alphaPi_ * alpha6_ + 7.0 * c4c_ * rcuti2_;
247 <      c6c_ = 16.0 * alphaPi_ * alpha8_ + 9.0 * c5c_ * rcuti2_;
242 >    if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {      
243 >      a2 = dampingAlpha_ * dampingAlpha_;
244 >      invArootPi = 1.0 / (dampingAlpha_ * sqrt(M_PI));    
245 >      expTerm = exp(-a2 * r2);
246 >      // values of Smith's B_l functions at the cutoff radius:
247 >      b0c = erfc(dampingAlpha_ * r) / r;
248 >      b1c = (      b0c     + 2.0*a2     * expTerm * invArootPi) / r2;
249 >      b2c = (3.0 * b1c + pow(2.0*a2, 2) * expTerm * invArootPi) / r2;
250 >      b3c = (5.0 * b2c + pow(2.0*a2, 3) * expTerm * invArootPi) / r2;
251 >      b4c = (7.0 * b3c + pow(2.0*a2, 4) * expTerm * invArootPi) / r2;
252 >      b5c = (9.0 * b4c + pow(2.0*a2, 5) * expTerm * invArootPi) / r2;
253 >      selfMult_ = b0c + a2 * invArootPi;
254      } else {
255 <      c1c_ = rcuti_;
256 <      c2c_ = c1c_ * rcuti_;
257 <      c3c_ = 3.0 * c2c_ * rcuti_;
258 <      c4c_ = 5.0 * c3c_ * rcuti2_;
259 <      c5c_ = 7.0 * c4c_ * rcuti2_;
260 <      c6c_ = 9.0 * c5c_ * rcuti2_;
255 >      a2 = 0.0;
256 >      b0c = 1.0 / r;
257 >      b1c = (      b0c) / r2;
258 >      b2c = (3.0 * b1c) / r2;
259 >      b3c = (5.0 * b2c) / r2;
260 >      b4c = (7.0 * b3c) / r2;
261 >      b5c = (9.0 * b4c) / r2;
262 >      selfMult_ = b0c;
263      }
264 <  
265 <    if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
266 <      if (haveDielectric_) {
267 <        preRF_ = (dielectric_ - 1.0) /
268 <            ((2.0 * dielectric_ + 1.0) * defaultCutoff2_ * defaultCutoff_);
269 <        preRF2_ = 2.0 * preRF_;
264 >
265 >    // higher derivatives of B_0 at the cutoff radius:
266 >    db0c_1 = -r * b1c;
267 >    db0c_2 =     -b1c + r2 * b2c;
268 >    db0c_3 =          3.0*r*b2c  - r2*r*b3c;
269 >    db0c_4 =          3.0*b2c  - 6.0*r2*b3c     + r2*r2*b4c;
270 >    db0c_5 =                    -15.0*r*b3c + 10.0*r2*r*b4c - r2*r2*r*b5c;
271 >    
272 >
273 >    // working variables for the splines:
274 >    RealType ri, ri2;
275 >    RealType b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5;
276 >    RealType db0_1, db0_2, db0_3, db0_4, db0_5;
277 >    RealType f, fc, f0;
278 >    RealType g, gc, g0, g1, g2, g3, g4;
279 >    RealType h, hc, h1, h2, h3, h4;
280 >    RealType s, sc, s2, s3, s4;
281 >    RealType t, tc, t3, t4;
282 >    RealType u, uc, u4;
283 >
284 >    // working variables for Taylor expansion:
285 >    RealType rmRc, rmRc2, rmRc3, rmRc4;
286 >
287 >    // Approximate using splines using a maximum of 0.1 Angstroms
288 >    // between points.
289 >    int nptest = int((cutoffRadius_ + 2.0) / 0.1);
290 >    np_ = (np_ > nptest) ? np_ : nptest;
291 >  
292 >    // Add a 2 angstrom safety window to deal with cutoffGroups that
293 >    // have charged atoms longer than the cutoffRadius away from each
294 >    // other.  Splining is almost certainly the best choice here.
295 >    // Direct calls to erfc would be preferrable if it is a very fast
296 >    // implementation.
297 >
298 >    RealType dx = (cutoffRadius_ + 2.0) / RealType(np_);
299 >
300 >    // Storage vectors for the computed functions    
301 >    vector<RealType> rv;
302 >    vector<RealType> v01v;
303 >    vector<RealType> v11v;
304 >    vector<RealType> v21v, v22v;
305 >    vector<RealType> v31v, v32v;
306 >    vector<RealType> v41v, v42v, v43v;
307 >
308 >    /*
309 >    vector<RealType> dv01v;
310 >    vector<RealType> dv11v;
311 >    vector<RealType> dv21v, dv22v;
312 >    vector<RealType> dv31v, dv32v;
313 >    vector<RealType> dv41v, dv42v, dv43v;
314 >    */
315 >
316 >    for (int i = 1; i < np_ + 1; i++) {
317 >      r = RealType(i) * dx;
318 >      rv.push_back(r);
319 >
320 >      ri = 1.0 / r;
321 >      ri2 = ri * ri;
322 >
323 >      r2 = r * r;
324 >      expTerm = exp(-a2 * r2);
325 >
326 >      // Taylor expansion factors (no need for factorials this way):
327 >      rmRc = r - cutoffRadius_;
328 >      rmRc2 = rmRc  * rmRc / 2.0;
329 >      rmRc3 = rmRc2 * rmRc / 3.0;
330 >      rmRc4 = rmRc3 * rmRc / 4.0;
331 >
332 >      // values of Smith's B_l functions at r:
333 >      if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {            
334 >        b0 = erfc(dampingAlpha_ * r) * ri;
335 >        b1 = (      b0 +     2.0*a2     * expTerm * invArootPi) * ri2;
336 >        b2 = (3.0 * b1 + pow(2.0*a2, 2) * expTerm * invArootPi) * ri2;
337 >        b3 = (5.0 * b2 + pow(2.0*a2, 3) * expTerm * invArootPi) * ri2;
338 >        b4 = (7.0 * b3 + pow(2.0*a2, 4) * expTerm * invArootPi) * ri2;
339 >        b5 = (9.0 * b4 + pow(2.0*a2, 5) * expTerm * invArootPi) * ri2;
340        } else {
341 <        sprintf( painCave.errMsg, "Electrostatic::initialize has no Dielectric"
342 <                 " value!\n");
343 <        painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
341 >        b0 = ri;
342 >        b1 = (      b0) * ri2;
343 >        b2 = (3.0 * b1) * ri2;
344 >        b3 = (5.0 * b2) * ri2;
345 >        b4 = (7.0 * b3) * ri2;
346 >        b5 = (9.0 * b4) * ri2;
347 >      }
348 >                
349 >      // higher derivatives of B_0 at r:
350 >      db0_1 = -r * b1;
351 >      db0_2 =     -b1 + r2 * b2;
352 >      db0_3 =          3.0*r*b2   - r2*r*b3;
353 >      db0_4 =          3.0*b2   - 6.0*r2*b3     + r2*r2*b4;
354 >      db0_5 =                    -15.0*r*b3 + 10.0*r2*r*b4 - r2*r2*r*b5;
355 >
356 >      f = b0;
357 >      fc = b0c;
358 >      f0 = f - fc - rmRc*db0c_1;
359 >
360 >      g = db0_1;        
361 >      gc = db0c_1;
362 >      g0 = g - gc;
363 >      g1 = g0 - rmRc *db0c_2;
364 >      g2 = g1 - rmRc2*db0c_3;
365 >      g3 = g2 - rmRc3*db0c_4;
366 >      g4 = g3 - rmRc4*db0c_5;
367 >
368 >      h = db0_2;      
369 >      hc = db0c_2;
370 >      h1 = h - hc;
371 >      h2 = h1 - rmRc *db0c_3;
372 >      h3 = h2 - rmRc2*db0c_4;
373 >      h4 = h3 - rmRc3*db0c_5;
374 >
375 >      s = db0_3;      
376 >      sc = db0c_3;
377 >      s2 = s - sc;
378 >      s3 = s2 - rmRc *db0c_4;
379 >      s4 = s3 - rmRc2*db0c_5;
380 >
381 >      t = db0_4;      
382 >      tc = db0c_4;
383 >      t3 = t - tc;
384 >      t4 = t3 - rmRc *db0c_5;
385 >      
386 >      u = db0_5;        
387 >      uc = db0c_5;
388 >      u4 = u - uc;
389 >
390 >      // in what follows below, the various v functions are used for
391 >      // potentials and torques, while the w functions show up in the
392 >      // forces.
393 >
394 >      switch (summationMethod_) {
395 >      case esm_SHIFTED_FORCE:
396 >                
397 >        v01 = f - fc - rmRc*gc;
398 >        v11 = g - gc - rmRc*hc;
399 >        v21 = g*ri - gc*ric - rmRc*(hc - gc*ric)*ric;
400 >        v22 = h - g*ri - (hc - gc*ric) - rmRc*(sc - (hc - gc*ric)*ric);
401 >        v31 = (h-g*ri)*ri - (hc-g*ric)*ric - rmRc*(sc-2.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric;
402 >        v32 = (s - 3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri) - (sc - 3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)
403 >          - rmRc*(tc - 3.0*(sc-2.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric);
404 >        v41 = (h - g*ri)*ri2 - (hc - gc*ric)*ric2
405 >          - rmRc*(sc - 3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric2;
406 >        v42 = (s-3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri - (sc-3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric
407 >          - rmRc*(tc - (4.0*sc - 9.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric)*ric;
408 >        
409 >        v43 = (t - 3.0*(2.0*s - 5.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)
410 >          - (tc - 3.0*(2.0*sc - 5.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric)
411 >          - rmRc*(uc-3.0*(2.0*tc - (7.0*sc - 15.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric)*ric);
412 >
413 >        dv01 = g - gc;
414 >        dv11 = h - hc;
415 >        dv21 = (h - g*ri)*ri - (hc - gc*ric)*ric;
416 >        dv22 = (s - (h - g*ri)*ri) - (sc - (hc - gc*ric)*ric);        
417 >        dv31 = (s - 2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri - (sc - 2.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric;
418 >        dv32 = (t - 3.0*(s-2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri)
419 >          - (tc - 3.0*(sc-2.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric);
420 >        dv41 = (s - 3.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri2 - (sc - 3.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric2;
421 >        dv42 = (t - (4.0*s - 9.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri
422 >          - (tc - (4.0*sc - 9.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric)*ric;
423 >        dv43 = (u - 3.0*(2.0*t - (7.0*s - 15.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri)
424 >          - (uc - 3.0*(2.0*tc - (7.0*sc - 15.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric)*ric);
425 >        
426 >        break;
427 >
428 >      case esm_TAYLOR_SHIFTED:
429 >        
430 >        v01 = f0;
431 >        v11 = g1;
432 >        v21 = g2 * ri;
433 >        v22 = h2 - v21;
434 >        v31 = (h3 - g3 * ri) * ri;
435 >        v32 = s3 - 3.0*v31;
436 >        v41 = (h4 - g4 * ri) * ri2;
437 >        v42 = s4 * ri - 3.0*v41;
438 >        v43 = t4 - 6.0*v42 - 3.0*v41;
439 >
440 >        dv01 = g0;
441 >        dv11 = h1;
442 >        dv21 = (h2 - g2*ri)*ri;
443 >        dv22 = (s2 - (h2 - g2*ri)*ri);
444 >        dv31 = (s3 - 2.0*(h3-g3*ri)*ri)*ri;
445 >        dv32 = (t3 - 3.0*(s3-2.0*(h3-g3*ri)*ri)*ri);
446 >        dv41 = (s4 - 3.0*(h4 - g4*ri)*ri)*ri2;
447 >        dv42 = (t4 - (4.0*s4 - 9.0*(h4-g4*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri;
448 >        dv43 = (u4 - 3.0*(2.0*t4 - (7.0*s4 - 15.0*(h4 - g4*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri);
449 >
450 >        break;
451 >
452 >      case esm_SHIFTED_POTENTIAL:
453 >
454 >        v01 = f - fc;
455 >        v11 = g - gc;
456 >        v21 = g*ri - gc*ric;
457 >        v22 = h - g*ri - (hc - gc*ric);
458 >        v31 = (h-g*ri)*ri - (hc-g*ric)*ric;
459 >        v32 = (s - 3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri) - (sc - 3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric);
460 >        v41 = (h - g*ri)*ri2 - (hc - gc*ric)*ric2;
461 >        v42 = (s-3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri - (sc-3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric;        
462 >        v43 = (t - 3.0*(2.0*s - 5.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)
463 >          - (tc - 3.0*(2.0*sc - 5.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric);
464 >
465 >        dv01 = g;
466 >        dv11 = h;
467 >        dv21 = (h - g*ri)*ri;
468 >        dv22 = (s - (h - g*ri)*ri);
469 >        dv31 = (s - 2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri;
470 >        dv32 = (t - 3.0*(s-2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri);
471 >        dv41 = (s - 3.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri2;
472 >        dv42 = (t - (4.0*s - 9.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri;
473 >        dv43 = (u - 3.0*(2.0*t - (7.0*s - 15.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri);
474 >
475 >        break;
476 >
477 >      case esm_SWITCHING_FUNCTION:
478 >      case esm_HARD:
479 >
480 >        v01 = f;
481 >        v11 = g;
482 >        v21 = g*ri;
483 >        v22 = h - g*ri;
484 >        v31 = (h-g*ri)*ri;
485 >        v32 = (s - 3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri);
486 >        v41 = (h - g*ri)*ri2;
487 >        v42 = (s-3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri;        
488 >        v43 = (t - 3.0*(2.0*s - 5.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri);
489 >
490 >        dv01 = g;
491 >        dv11 = h;
492 >        dv21 = (h - g*ri)*ri;
493 >        dv22 = (s - (h - g*ri)*ri);
494 >        dv31 = (s - 2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri;
495 >        dv32 = (t - 3.0*(s-2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri);
496 >        dv41 = (s - 3.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri2;
497 >        dv42 = (t - (4.0*s - 9.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri;
498 >        dv43 = (u - 3.0*(2.0*t - (7.0*s - 15.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri);
499 >
500 >        break;
501 >
502 >      case esm_REACTION_FIELD:
503 >        
504 >        // following DL_POLY's lead for shifting the image charge potential:
505 >        f = b0 + preRF_ * r2;
506 >        fc = b0c + preRF_ * cutoffRadius_ * cutoffRadius_;
507 >
508 >        g = db0_1 + preRF_ * 2.0 * r;        
509 >        gc = db0c_1 + preRF_ * 2.0 * cutoffRadius_;
510 >
511 >        h = db0_2 + preRF_ * 2.0;
512 >        hc = db0c_2 + preRF_ * 2.0;
513 >
514 >        v01 = f - fc;
515 >        v11 = g - gc;
516 >        v21 = g*ri - gc*ric;
517 >        v22 = h - g*ri - (hc - gc*ric);
518 >        v31 = (h-g*ri)*ri - (hc-g*ric)*ric;
519 >        v32 = (s - 3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri) - (sc - 3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric);
520 >        v41 = (h - g*ri)*ri2 - (hc - gc*ric)*ric2;
521 >        v42 = (s-3.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri - (sc-3.0*(hc-gc*ric)*ric)*ric;        
522 >        v43 = (t - 3.0*(2.0*s - 5.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)
523 >          - (tc - 3.0*(2.0*sc - 5.0*(hc - gc*ric)*ric)*ric);
524 >
525 >        dv01 = g;
526 >        dv11 = h;
527 >        dv21 = (h - g*ri)*ri;
528 >        dv22 = (s - (h - g*ri)*ri);
529 >        dv31 = (s - 2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri;
530 >        dv32 = (t - 3.0*(s-2.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri);
531 >        dv41 = (s - 3.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri2;
532 >        dv42 = (t - (4.0*s - 9.0*(h-g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri;
533 >        dv43 = (u - 3.0*(2.0*t - (7.0*s - 15.0*(h - g*ri)*ri)*ri)*ri);
534 >
535 >        break;
536 >                
537 >      case esm_EWALD_FULL:
538 >      case esm_EWALD_PME:
539 >      case esm_EWALD_SPME:
540 >      default :
541 >        map<string, ElectrostaticSummationMethod>::iterator i;
542 >        std::string meth;
543 >        for (i = summationMap_.begin(); i != summationMap_.end(); ++i) {
544 >          if ((*i).second == summationMethod_) meth = (*i).first;
545 >        }
546 >        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
547 >                 "Electrostatic::initialize: electrostaticSummationMethod %s \n"
548 >                 "\thas not been implemented yet. Please select one of:\n"
549 >                 "\t\"hard\", \"shifted_potential\", or \"shifted_force\"\n",
550 >                 meth.c_str() );
551          painCave.isFatal = 1;
552          simError();
553 +        break;      
554        }
555 +
556 +      // Add these computed values to the storage vectors for spline creation:
557 +      v01v.push_back(v01);
558 +      v11v.push_back(v11);
559 +      v21v.push_back(v21);
560 +      v22v.push_back(v22);
561 +      v31v.push_back(v31);
562 +      v32v.push_back(v32);      
563 +      v41v.push_back(v41);
564 +      v42v.push_back(v42);
565 +      v43v.push_back(v43);
566 +      /*
567 +      dv01v.push_back(dv01);
568 +      dv11v.push_back(dv11);
569 +      dv21v.push_back(dv21);
570 +      dv22v.push_back(dv22);
571 +      dv31v.push_back(dv31);
572 +      dv32v.push_back(dv32);      
573 +      dv41v.push_back(dv41);
574 +      dv42v.push_back(dv42);
575 +      dv43v.push_back(dv43);
576 +      */
577      }
164                              
165    RealType dx = defaultCutoff_ / RealType(np_ - 1);
166    RealType rval;
167    vector<RealType> rvals;
168    vector<RealType> yvals;
169    for (int i = 0; i < np_; i++) {
170      rval = RealType(i) * dx;
171      rvals.push_back(rval);
172      yvals.push_back(erfc(dampingAlpha_ * rval));
173    }
174    erfcSpline_ = new CubicSpline();
175    erfcSpline_->addPoints(rvals, yvals);
176    haveElectroSpline_ = true;
578  
579 +    // construct the spline structures and fill them with the values we've
580 +    // computed:
581 +
582 +    v01s = new CubicSpline();
583 +    v01s->addPoints(rv, v01v);
584 +    v11s = new CubicSpline();
585 +    v11s->addPoints(rv, v11v);
586 +    v21s = new CubicSpline();
587 +    v21s->addPoints(rv, v21v);
588 +    v22s = new CubicSpline();
589 +    v22s->addPoints(rv, v22v);
590 +    v31s = new CubicSpline();
591 +    v31s->addPoints(rv, v31v);
592 +    v32s = new CubicSpline();
593 +    v32s->addPoints(rv, v32v);
594 +    v41s = new CubicSpline();
595 +    v41s->addPoints(rv, v41v);
596 +    v42s = new CubicSpline();
597 +    v42s->addPoints(rv, v42v);
598 +    v43s = new CubicSpline();
599 +    v43s->addPoints(rv, v43v);
600 +
601 +    /*
602 +    dv01s = new CubicSpline();
603 +    dv01s->addPoints(rv, dv01v);
604 +    dv11s = new CubicSpline();
605 +    dv11s->addPoints(rv, dv11v);
606 +    dv21s = new CubicSpline();
607 +    dv21s->addPoints(rv, dv21v);
608 +    dv22s = new CubicSpline();
609 +    dv22s->addPoints(rv, dv22v);
610 +    dv31s = new CubicSpline();
611 +    dv31s->addPoints(rv, dv31v);
612 +    dv32s = new CubicSpline();
613 +    dv32s->addPoints(rv, dv32v);
614 +    dv41s = new CubicSpline();
615 +    dv41s->addPoints(rv, dv41v);
616 +    dv42s = new CubicSpline();
617 +    dv42s->addPoints(rv, dv42v);
618 +    dv43s = new CubicSpline();
619 +    dv43s->addPoints(rv, dv43v);
620 +    */
621 +
622 +    haveElectroSplines_ = true;
623 +
624      initialized_ = true;
625    }
626        
# Line 183 | Line 629 | namespace OpenMD {
629      ElectrostaticAtomData electrostaticAtomData;
630      electrostaticAtomData.is_Charge = false;
631      electrostaticAtomData.is_Dipole = false;
186    electrostaticAtomData.is_SplitDipole = false;
632      electrostaticAtomData.is_Quadrupole = false;
633 +    electrostaticAtomData.is_Fluctuating = false;
634  
635 <    if (atomType->isCharge()) {
190 <      GenericData* data = atomType->getPropertyByName("Charge");
635 >    FixedChargeAdapter fca = FixedChargeAdapter(atomType);
636  
637 <      if (data == NULL) {
193 <        sprintf( painCave.errMsg, "Electrostatic::addType could not find "
194 <                 "Charge\n"
195 <                 "\tparameters for atomType %s.\n",
196 <                 atomType->getName().c_str());
197 <        painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
198 <        painCave.isFatal = 1;
199 <        simError();                  
200 <      }
201 <      
202 <      DoubleGenericData* doubleData = dynamic_cast<DoubleGenericData*>(data);
203 <      if (doubleData == NULL) {
204 <        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
205 <                 "Electrostatic::addType could not convert GenericData to "
206 <                 "Charge for\n"
207 <                 "\tatom type %s\n", atomType->getName().c_str());
208 <        painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
209 <        painCave.isFatal = 1;
210 <        simError();          
211 <      }
637 >    if (fca.isFixedCharge()) {
638        electrostaticAtomData.is_Charge = true;
639 <      electrostaticAtomData.charge = doubleData->getData();          
639 >      electrostaticAtomData.fixedCharge = fca.getCharge();
640      }
641  
642 <    if (atomType->isDirectional()) {
643 <      DirectionalAtomType* daType = dynamic_cast<DirectionalAtomType*>(atomType);
644 <      
219 <      if (daType->isDipole()) {
220 <        GenericData* data = daType->getPropertyByName("Dipole");
221 <        
222 <        if (data == NULL) {
223 <          sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
224 <                   "Electrostatic::addType could not find Dipole\n"
225 <                   "\tparameters for atomType %s.\n",
226 <                   daType->getName().c_str());
227 <          painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
228 <          painCave.isFatal = 1;
229 <          simError();                  
230 <        }
231 <      
232 <        DoubleGenericData* doubleData = dynamic_cast<DoubleGenericData*>(data);
233 <        if (doubleData == NULL) {
234 <          sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
235 <                   "Electrostatic::addType could not convert GenericData to "
236 <                   "Dipole Moment\n"
237 <                   "\tfor atom type %s\n", daType->getName().c_str());
238 <          painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
239 <          painCave.isFatal = 1;
240 <          simError();          
241 <        }
642 >    MultipoleAdapter ma = MultipoleAdapter(atomType);
643 >    if (ma.isMultipole()) {
644 >      if (ma.isDipole()) {
645          electrostaticAtomData.is_Dipole = true;
646 <        electrostaticAtomData.dipole_moment = doubleData->getData();
646 >        electrostaticAtomData.dipole = ma.getDipole();
647        }
648 <
649 <      if (daType->isSplitDipole()) {
650 <        GenericData* data = daType->getPropertyByName("SplitDipoleDistance");
248 <        
249 <        if (data == NULL) {
250 <          sprintf(painCave.errMsg,
251 <                  "Electrostatic::addType could not find SplitDipoleDistance\n"
252 <                  "\tparameter for atomType %s.\n",
253 <                  daType->getName().c_str());
254 <          painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
255 <          painCave.isFatal = 1;
256 <          simError();                  
257 <        }
258 <      
259 <        DoubleGenericData* doubleData = dynamic_cast<DoubleGenericData*>(data);
260 <        if (doubleData == NULL) {
261 <          sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
262 <                   "Electrostatic::addType could not convert GenericData to "
263 <                   "SplitDipoleDistance for\n"
264 <                   "\tatom type %s\n", daType->getName().c_str());
265 <          painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
266 <          painCave.isFatal = 1;
267 <          simError();          
268 <        }
269 <        electrostaticAtomData.is_SplitDipole = true;
270 <        electrostaticAtomData.split_dipole_distance = doubleData->getData();
648 >      if (ma.isQuadrupole()) {
649 >        electrostaticAtomData.is_Quadrupole = true;
650 >        electrostaticAtomData.quadrupole = ma.getQuadrupole();
651        }
652 +    }
653 +    
654 +    FluctuatingChargeAdapter fqa = FluctuatingChargeAdapter(atomType);
655  
656 <      if (daType->isQuadrupole()) {
657 <        GenericData* data = daType->getPropertyByName("QuadrupoleMoments");
658 <        
659 <        if (data == NULL) {
660 <          sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
661 <                   "Electrostatic::addType could not find QuadrupoleMoments\n"
279 <                   "\tparameter for atomType %s.\n",
280 <                   daType->getName().c_str());
281 <          painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
282 <          painCave.isFatal = 1;
283 <          simError();                  
284 <        }
285 <        
286 <        // Quadrupoles in OpenMD are set as the diagonal elements
287 <        // of the diagonalized traceless quadrupole moment tensor.
288 <        // The column vectors of the unitary matrix that diagonalizes
289 <        // the quadrupole moment tensor become the eFrame (or the
290 <        // electrostatic version of the body-fixed frame.
291 <
292 <        Vector3dGenericData* v3dData = dynamic_cast<Vector3dGenericData*>(data);
293 <        if (v3dData == NULL) {
294 <          sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
295 <                   "Electrostatic::addType could not convert GenericData to "
296 <                   "Quadrupole Moments for\n"
297 <                   "\tatom type %s\n", daType->getName().c_str());
298 <          painCave.severity = OPENMD_ERROR;
299 <          painCave.isFatal = 1;
300 <          simError();          
301 <        }
302 <        electrostaticAtomData.is_Quadrupole = true;
303 <        electrostaticAtomData.quadrupole_moments = v3dData->getData();
304 <      }
656 >    if (fqa.isFluctuatingCharge()) {
657 >      electrostaticAtomData.is_Fluctuating = true;
658 >      electrostaticAtomData.electronegativity = fqa.getElectronegativity();
659 >      electrostaticAtomData.hardness = fqa.getHardness();
660 >      electrostaticAtomData.slaterN = fqa.getSlaterN();
661 >      electrostaticAtomData.slaterZeta = fqa.getSlaterZeta();
662      }
306    
307    AtomTypeProperties atp = atomType->getATP();    
663  
664      pair<map<int,AtomType*>::iterator,bool> ret;    
665 <    ret = ElectrostaticList.insert( pair<int,AtomType*>(atp.ident, atomType) );
665 >    ret = ElectrostaticList.insert( pair<int,AtomType*>(atomType->getIdent(),
666 >                                                        atomType) );
667      if (ret.second == false) {
668        sprintf( painCave.errMsg,
669                 "Electrostatic already had a previous entry with ident %d\n",
670 <               atp.ident);
670 >               atomType->getIdent() );
671        painCave.severity = OPENMD_INFO;
672        painCave.isFatal = 0;
673        simError();        
674      }
675      
676 <    ElectrostaticMap[atomType] = electrostaticAtomData;    
676 >    ElectrostaticMap[atomType] = electrostaticAtomData;  
677 >
678 >    // Now, iterate over all known types and add to the mixing map:
679 >    
680 >    map<AtomType*, ElectrostaticAtomData>::iterator it;
681 >    for( it = ElectrostaticMap.begin(); it != ElectrostaticMap.end(); ++it) {
682 >      AtomType* atype2 = (*it).first;
683 >      ElectrostaticAtomData eaData2 = (*it).second;
684 >      if (eaData2.is_Fluctuating && electrostaticAtomData.is_Fluctuating) {
685 >        
686 >        RealType a = electrostaticAtomData.slaterZeta;
687 >        RealType b = eaData2.slaterZeta;
688 >        int m = electrostaticAtomData.slaterN;
689 >        int n = eaData2.slaterN;
690 >
691 >        // Create the spline of the coulombic integral for s-type
692 >        // Slater orbitals.  Add a 2 angstrom safety window to deal
693 >        // with cutoffGroups that have charged atoms longer than the
694 >        // cutoffRadius away from each other.
695 >
696 >        RealType rval;
697 >        RealType dr = (cutoffRadius_ + 2.0) / RealType(np_ - 1);
698 >        vector<RealType> rvals;
699 >        vector<RealType> Jvals;
700 >        // don't start at i = 0, as rval = 0 is undefined for the
701 >        // slater overlap integrals.
702 >        for (int i = 1; i < np_+1; i++) {
703 >          rval = RealType(i) * dr;
704 >          rvals.push_back(rval);
705 >          Jvals.push_back(sSTOCoulInt( a, b, m, n, rval *
706 >                                       PhysicalConstants::angstromToBohr ) *
707 >                          PhysicalConstants::hartreeToKcal );
708 >        }
709 >        
710 >        CubicSpline* J = new CubicSpline();
711 >        J->addPoints(rvals, Jvals);
712 >        
713 >        pair<AtomType*, AtomType*> key1, key2;
714 >        key1 = make_pair(atomType, atype2);
715 >        key2 = make_pair(atype2, atomType);
716 >        
717 >        Jij[key1] = J;
718 >        Jij[key2] = J;
719 >      }
720 >    }
721 >
722      return;
723    }
724    
725 <  void Electrostatic::setElectrostaticCutoffRadius( RealType theECR,
726 <                                                    RealType theRSW ) {
727 <    defaultCutoff_ = theECR;
327 <    rrf_ = defaultCutoff_;
328 <    rt_ = theRSW;
329 <    haveDefaultCutoff_ = true;
725 >  void Electrostatic::setCutoffRadius( RealType rCut ) {
726 >    cutoffRadius_ = rCut;
727 >    haveCutoffRadius_ = true;
728    }
729 +
730    void Electrostatic::setElectrostaticSummationMethod( ElectrostaticSummationMethod esm ) {
731      summationMethod_ = esm;
732    }
# Line 343 | Line 742 | namespace OpenMD {
742      haveDielectric_ = true;
743    }
744  
745 <  void Electrostatic::calcForce(InteractionData idat) {
745 >  void Electrostatic::calcForce(InteractionData &idat) {
746  
747 <    // utility variables.  Should clean these up and use the Vector3d and
748 <    // Mat3x3d to replace as many as we can in future versions:
747 >    RealType C_a, C_b;  // Charges
748 >    Vector3d D_a, D_b;  // Dipoles (space-fixed)
749 >    Mat3x3d  Q_a, Q_b;  // Quadrupoles (space-fixed)
750  
751 <    RealType q_i, q_j, mu_i, mu_j, d_i, d_j;
752 <    RealType qxx_i, qyy_i, qzz_i;
753 <    RealType qxx_j, qyy_j, qzz_j;
754 <    RealType cx_i, cy_i, cz_i;
755 <    RealType cx_j, cy_j, cz_j;
756 <    RealType cx2, cy2, cz2;
357 <    RealType ct_i, ct_j, ct_ij, a1;
358 <    RealType riji, ri, ri2, ri3, ri4;
359 <    RealType pref, vterm, epot, dudr;
360 <    RealType scale, sc2;
361 <    RealType pot_term, preVal, rfVal;
362 <    RealType c2ri, c3ri, c4rij, cti3, ctj3, ctidotj;
363 <    RealType preSw, preSwSc;
364 <    RealType c1, c2, c3, c4;
365 <    RealType erfcVal, derfcVal;
366 <    RealType BigR;
751 >    RealType ri;                                 // Distance utility scalar
752 >    RealType rdDa, rdDb;                         // Dipole utility scalars
753 >    Vector3d rxDa, rxDb;                         // Dipole utility vectors
754 >    RealType rdQar, rdQbr, trQa, trQb;           // Quadrupole utility scalars
755 >    Vector3d Qar, Qbr, rQa, rQb, rxQar, rxQbr;   // Quadrupole utility vectors
756 >    RealType pref;
757  
758 <    Vector3d Q_i, Q_j;
759 <    Vector3d ux_i, uy_i, uz_i;
760 <    Vector3d ux_j, uy_j, uz_j;
761 <    Vector3d dudux_i, duduy_i, duduz_i;
762 <    Vector3d dudux_j, duduy_j, duduz_j;
373 <    Vector3d rhatdot2, rhatc4;
374 <    Vector3d dVdr;
758 >    RealType DadDb, trQaQb, DadQbr, DbdQar;       // Cross-interaction scalars
759 >    RealType rQaQbr;
760 >    Vector3d DaxDb, DadQb, DbdQa, DaxQbr, DbxQar; // Cross-interaction vectors
761 >    Vector3d rQaQb, QaQbr, QaxQb, rQaxQbr;
762 >    Mat3x3d  QaQb;                                // Cross-interaction matrices
763  
764 <    pair<RealType, RealType> res;
764 >    RealType U(0.0);  // Potential
765 >    Vector3d F(0.0);  // Force
766 >    Vector3d Ta(0.0); // Torque on site a
767 >    Vector3d Tb(0.0); // Torque on site b
768 >    Vector3d Ea(0.0); // Electric field at site a
769 >    Vector3d Eb(0.0); // Electric field at site b
770 >    RealType dUdCa(0.0); // fluctuating charge force at site a
771 >    RealType dUdCb(0.0); // fluctuating charge force at site a
772      
773 +    // Indirect interactions mediated by the reaction field.
774 +    RealType indirect_Pot(0.0);  // Potential
775 +    Vector3d indirect_F(0.0);    // Force
776 +    Vector3d indirect_Ta(0.0);   // Torque on site a
777 +    Vector3d indirect_Tb(0.0);   // Torque on site b
778 +
779 +    // Excluded potential that is still computed for fluctuating charges
780 +    RealType excluded_Pot(0.0);
781 +
782 +    RealType rfContrib, coulInt;
783 +    
784 +    // spline for coulomb integral
785 +    CubicSpline* J;
786 +
787      if (!initialized_) initialize();
788      
789 <    ElectrostaticAtomData data1 = ElectrostaticMap[idat.atype1];
790 <    ElectrostaticAtomData data2 = ElectrostaticMap[idat.atype2];
789 >    ElectrostaticAtomData data1 = ElectrostaticMap[idat.atypes.first];
790 >    ElectrostaticAtomData data2 = ElectrostaticMap[idat.atypes.second];
791      
792      // some variables we'll need independent of electrostatic type:
793  
794 <    riji = 1.0 / idat.rij;
795 <    Vector3d rhat = idat.d  * riji;
796 <
794 >    ri = 1.0 /  *(idat.rij);
795 >    Vector3d rhat =  *(idat.d)  * ri;
796 >      
797      // logicals
798  
799 <    bool i_is_Charge = data1.is_Charge;
800 <    bool i_is_Dipole = data1.is_Dipole;
801 <    bool i_is_SplitDipole = data1.is_SplitDipole;
802 <    bool i_is_Quadrupole = data1.is_Quadrupole;
799 >    bool a_is_Charge = data1.is_Charge;
800 >    bool a_is_Dipole = data1.is_Dipole;
801 >    bool a_is_Quadrupole = data1.is_Quadrupole;
802 >    bool a_is_Fluctuating = data1.is_Fluctuating;
803  
804 <    bool j_is_Charge = data2.is_Charge;
805 <    bool j_is_Dipole = data2.is_Dipole;
806 <    bool j_is_SplitDipole = data2.is_SplitDipole;
807 <    bool j_is_Quadrupole = data2.is_Quadrupole;
399 <    
400 <    if (i_is_Charge)
401 <      q_i = data1.charge;
804 >    bool b_is_Charge = data2.is_Charge;
805 >    bool b_is_Dipole = data2.is_Dipole;
806 >    bool b_is_Quadrupole = data2.is_Quadrupole;
807 >    bool b_is_Fluctuating = data2.is_Fluctuating;
808  
809 <    if (i_is_Dipole) {
810 <      mu_i = data1.dipole_moment;
405 <      uz_i = idat.eFrame1.getColumn(2);
406 <      
407 <      ct_i = dot(uz_i, rhat);
408 <
409 <      if (i_is_SplitDipole)
410 <        d_i = data1.split_dipole_distance;
411 <      
412 <      duduz_i = V3Zero;
413 <    }
809 >    // Obtain all of the required radial function values from the
810 >    // spline structures:
811      
812 <    if (i_is_Quadrupole) {
813 <      Q_i = data1.quadrupole_moments;
814 <      qxx_i = Q_i.x();
815 <      qyy_i = Q_i.y();
816 <      qzz_i = Q_i.z();
817 <      
818 <      ux_i = idat.eFrame1.getColumn(0);
819 <      uy_i = idat.eFrame1.getColumn(1);
820 <      uz_i = idat.eFrame1.getColumn(2);
821 <
822 <      cx_i = dot(ux_i, rhat);
823 <      cy_i = dot(uy_i, rhat);
824 <      cz_i = dot(uz_i, rhat);
812 >    // needed for fields (and forces):
813 >    if (a_is_Charge || b_is_Charge) {
814 >      v01s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v01, dv01);
815 >    }
816 >    if (a_is_Dipole || b_is_Dipole) {
817 >      v11s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v11, dv11);
818 >      v11or = ri * v11;
819 >    }
820 >    if (a_is_Quadrupole || b_is_Quadrupole ||  (a_is_Dipole && b_is_Dipole)) {
821 >      v21s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v21, dv21);
822 >      v22s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v22, dv22);
823 >      v22or = ri * v22;
824 >    }      
825  
826 <      dudux_i = V3Zero;
827 <      duduy_i = V3Zero;
828 <      duduz_i = V3Zero;
826 >    // needed for potentials (and forces and torques):
827 >    if ((a_is_Dipole && b_is_Quadrupole) ||
828 >        (b_is_Dipole && a_is_Quadrupole)) {
829 >      v31s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v31, dv31);
830 >      v32s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v32, dv32);
831 >      v31or = v31 * ri;
832 >      v32or = v32 * ri;
833      }
834 +    if (a_is_Quadrupole && b_is_Quadrupole) {
835 +      v41s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v41, dv41);
836 +      v42s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v42, dv42);
837 +      v43s->getValueAndDerivativeAt( *(idat.rij), v43, dv43);
838 +      v42or = v42 * ri;
839 +      v43or = v43 * ri;
840 +    }
841  
842 <    if (j_is_Charge)
843 <      q_j = data2.charge;
844 <
845 <    if (j_is_Dipole) {
438 <      mu_j = data2.dipole_moment;
439 <      uz_j = idat.eFrame2.getColumn(2);
842 >    // calculate the single-site contributions (fields, etc).
843 >    
844 >    if (a_is_Charge) {
845 >      C_a = data1.fixedCharge;
846        
847 <      ct_j = dot(uz_j, rhat);
848 <
849 <      if (j_is_SplitDipole)
444 <        d_j = data2.split_dipole_distance;
847 >      if (a_is_Fluctuating) {
848 >        C_a += *(idat.flucQ1);
849 >      }
850        
851 <      duduz_j = V3Zero;
851 >      if (idat.excluded) {
852 >        *(idat.skippedCharge2) += C_a;
853 >      } else {
854 >        // only do the field if we're not excluded:
855 >        Eb -= C_a *  pre11_ * dv01 * rhat;
856 >      }
857      }
858      
859 <    if (j_is_Quadrupole) {
860 <      Q_j = data2.quadrupole_moments;
861 <      qxx_j = Q_j.x();
862 <      qyy_j = Q_j.y();
863 <      qzz_j = Q_j.z();
859 >    if (a_is_Dipole) {
860 >      D_a = *(idat.dipole1);
861 >      rdDa = dot(rhat, D_a);
862 >      rxDa = cross(rhat, D_a);
863 >      if (!idat.excluded)
864 >        Eb -=  pre12_ * ((dv11-v11or) * rdDa * rhat + v11or * D_a);
865 >    }
866 >    
867 >    if (a_is_Quadrupole) {
868 >      Q_a = *(idat.quadrupole1);
869 >      trQa =  Q_a.trace();
870 >      Qar =   Q_a * rhat;
871 >      rQa = rhat * Q_a;
872 >      rdQar = dot(rhat, Qar);
873 >      rxQar = cross(rhat, Qar);
874 >      if (!idat.excluded)
875 >        Eb -= pre14_ * (trQa * rhat * dv21 + 2.0 * Qar * v22or
876 >                        + rdQar * rhat * (dv22 - 2.0*v22or));
877 >    }
878 >    
879 >    if (b_is_Charge) {
880 >      C_b = data2.fixedCharge;
881        
882 <      ux_j = idat.eFrame2.getColumn(0);
883 <      uy_j = idat.eFrame2.getColumn(1);
884 <      uz_j = idat.eFrame2.getColumn(2);
885 <
886 <      cx_j = dot(ux_j, rhat);
887 <      cy_j = dot(uy_j, rhat);
888 <      cz_j = dot(uz_j, rhat);
889 <
890 <      dudux_j = V3Zero;
464 <      duduy_j = V3Zero;
465 <      duduz_j = V3Zero;
882 >      if (b_is_Fluctuating)
883 >        C_b += *(idat.flucQ2);
884 >      
885 >      if (idat.excluded) {
886 >        *(idat.skippedCharge1) += C_b;
887 >      } else {
888 >        // only do the field if we're not excluded:
889 >        Ea += C_b *  pre11_ * dv01 * rhat;
890 >      }
891      }
892      
893 <    epot = 0.0;
894 <    dVdr = V3Zero;
893 >    if (b_is_Dipole) {
894 >      D_b = *(idat.dipole2);
895 >      rdDb = dot(rhat, D_b);
896 >      rxDb = cross(rhat, D_b);
897 >      if (!idat.excluded)
898 >        Ea += pre12_ * ((dv11-v11or) * rdDb * rhat + v11or * D_b);
899 >    }
900      
901 <    if (i_is_Charge) {
901 >    if (b_is_Quadrupole) {
902 >      Q_b = *(idat.quadrupole2);
903 >      trQb =  Q_b.trace();
904 >      Qbr =   Q_b * rhat;
905 >      rQb = rhat * Q_b;
906 >      rdQbr = dot(rhat, Qbr);
907 >      rxQbr = cross(rhat, Qbr);
908 >      if (!idat.excluded)
909 >        Ea += pre14_ * (trQb * rhat * dv21 + 2.0 * Qbr * v22or
910 >                        + rdQbr * rhat * (dv22 - 2.0*v22or));
911 >    }
912 >    
913 >    if ((a_is_Fluctuating || b_is_Fluctuating) && idat.excluded) {
914 >      J = Jij[idat.atypes];
915 >    }    
916 >    
917 >    if (a_is_Charge) {    
918        
919 <      if (j_is_Charge) {
920 <        if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
921 <          // assemble the damping variables
922 <          res = erfcSpline_->getValueAndDerivativeAt(idat.rij);
923 <          erfcVal = res.first;
924 <          derfcVal = res.second;
925 <          c1 = erfcVal * riji;
480 <          c2 = (-derfcVal + c1) * riji;
481 <        } else {
482 <          c1 = riji;
483 <          c2 = c1 * riji;
484 <        }
919 >      if (b_is_Charge) {
920 >        pref =  pre11_ * *(idat.electroMult);      
921 >        U  += C_a * C_b * pref * v01;
922 >        F  += C_a * C_b * pref * dv01 * rhat;
923 >        
924 >        // If this is an excluded pair, there are still indirect
925 >        // interactions via the reaction field we must worry about:
926  
927 <        preVal = idat.electroMult * pre11_ * q_i * q_j;
927 >        if (summationMethod_ == esm_REACTION_FIELD && idat.excluded) {
928 >          rfContrib = preRF_ * pref * C_a * C_b * *(idat.r2);
929 >          indirect_Pot += rfContrib;
930 >          indirect_F   += rfContrib * 2.0 * ri * rhat;
931 >        }
932          
933 <        if (summationMethod_ == SHIFTED_POTENTIAL) {
934 <          vterm = preVal * (c1 - c1c_);
935 <          dudr  = -idat.sw * preVal * c2;
933 >        // Fluctuating charge forces are handled via Coulomb integrals
934 >        // for excluded pairs (i.e. those connected via bonds) and
935 >        // with the standard charge-charge interaction otherwise.
936  
937 <        } else if (summationMethod_ == SHIFTED_FORCE)  {
938 <          vterm = preVal * ( c1 - c1c_ + c2c_*(idat.rij - defaultCutoff_) );
939 <          dudr  = idat.sw * preVal * (c2c_ - c2);
937 >        if (idat.excluded) {          
938 >          if (a_is_Fluctuating || b_is_Fluctuating) {
939 >            coulInt = J->getValueAt( *(idat.rij) );
940 >            if (a_is_Fluctuating)  dUdCa += coulInt * C_b;
941 >            if (b_is_Fluctuating)  dUdCb += coulInt * C_a;
942 >            excluded_Pot += C_a * C_b * coulInt;
943 >          }          
944 >        } else {
945 >          if (a_is_Fluctuating) dUdCa += C_b * pref * v01;
946 >          if (a_is_Fluctuating) dUdCb += C_a * pref * v01;
947 >        }
948 >      }
949  
950 <        } else if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
951 <          rfVal = idat.electroMult * preRF_ * idat.rij * idat.rij;
952 <          vterm = preVal * ( riji + rfVal );            
953 <          dudr  = idat.sw * preVal * ( 2.0 * rfVal - riji ) * riji;
950 >      if (b_is_Dipole) {
951 >        pref =  pre12_ * *(idat.electroMult);        
952 >        U  += C_a * pref * v11 * rdDb;
953 >        F  += C_a * pref * ((dv11 - v11or) * rdDb * rhat + v11or * D_b);
954 >        Tb += C_a * pref * v11 * rxDb;
955  
956 <        } else {
502 <          vterm = preVal * riji * erfcVal;            
956 >        if (a_is_Fluctuating) dUdCa += pref * v11 * rdDb;
957  
958 <          dudr  = - idat.sw * preVal * c2;
958 >        // Even if we excluded this pair from direct interactions, we
959 >        // still have the reaction-field-mediated charge-dipole
960 >        // interaction:
961  
962 +        if (summationMethod_ == esm_REACTION_FIELD && idat.excluded) {
963 +          rfContrib = C_a * pref * preRF_ * 2.0 * *(idat.rij);
964 +          indirect_Pot += rfContrib * rdDb;
965 +          indirect_F   += rfContrib * D_b / (*idat.rij);
966 +          indirect_Tb  += C_a * pref * preRF_ * rxDb;
967          }
507
508        idat.vpair += vterm;
509        epot += idat.sw * vterm;
510
511        dVdr += dudr * rhat;      
968        }
969  
970 <      if (j_is_Dipole) {
971 <        // pref is used by all the possible methods
972 <        pref = idat.electroMult * pre12_ * q_i * mu_j;
973 <        preSw = idat.sw * pref;
970 >      if (b_is_Quadrupole) {
971 >        pref = pre14_ * *(idat.electroMult);
972 >        U  +=  C_a * pref * (v21 * trQb + v22 * rdQbr);
973 >        F  +=  C_a * pref * (trQb * dv21 * rhat + 2.0 * Qbr * v22or);
974 >        F  +=  C_a * pref * rdQbr * rhat * (dv22 - 2.0*v22or);
975 >        Tb +=  C_a * pref * 2.0 * rxQbr * v22;
976  
977 <        if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
978 <          ri2 = riji * riji;
979 <          ri3 = ri2 * riji;
522 <    
523 <          vterm = - pref * ct_j * ( ri2 - preRF2_ * idat.rij );
524 <          idat.vpair += vterm;
525 <          epot += idat.sw * vterm;
977 >        if (a_is_Fluctuating) dUdCa += pref * (v21 * trQb + v22 * rdQbr);
978 >      }
979 >    }
980  
981 <          dVdr +=  -preSw * (ri3 * (uz_j - 3.0 * ct_j * rhat) - preRF2_*uz_j);
528 <          duduz_j += -preSw * rhat * (ri2 - preRF2_ * idat.rij);  
981 >    if (a_is_Dipole) {
982  
983 <        } else {
984 <          // determine the inverse r used if we have split dipoles
532 <          if (j_is_SplitDipole) {
533 <            BigR = sqrt(idat.r2 + 0.25 * d_j * d_j);
534 <            ri = 1.0 / BigR;
535 <            scale = idat.rij * ri;
536 <          } else {
537 <            ri = riji;
538 <            scale = 1.0;
539 <          }
540 <          
541 <          sc2 = scale * scale;
983 >      if (b_is_Charge) {
984 >        pref = pre12_ * *(idat.electroMult);
985  
986 <          if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
987 <            // assemble the damping variables
988 <            res = erfcSpline_->getValueAndDerivativeAt(idat.rij);
546 <            erfcVal = res.first;
547 <            derfcVal = res.second;
548 <            c1 = erfcVal * ri;
549 <            c2 = (-derfcVal + c1) * ri;
550 <            c3 = -2.0 * derfcVal * alpha2_ + 3.0 * c2 * ri;
551 <          } else {
552 <            c1 = ri;
553 <            c2 = c1 * ri;
554 <            c3 = 3.0 * c2 * ri;
555 <          }
556 <            
557 <          c2ri = c2 * ri;
986 >        U  -= C_b * pref * v11 * rdDa;
987 >        F  -= C_b * pref * ((dv11-v11or) * rdDa * rhat + v11or * D_a);
988 >        Ta -= C_b * pref * v11 * rxDa;
989  
990 <          // calculate the potential
560 <          pot_term =  scale * c2;
561 <          vterm = -pref * ct_j * pot_term;
562 <          idat.vpair += vterm;
563 <          epot += idat.sw * vterm;
564 <            
565 <          // calculate derivatives for forces and torques
990 >        if (b_is_Fluctuating) dUdCb -= pref * v11 * rdDa;
991  
992 <          dVdr += -preSw * (uz_j * c2ri - ct_j * rhat * sc2 * c3);
993 <          duduz_j += -preSw * pot_term * rhat;
994 <
992 >        // Even if we excluded this pair from direct interactions,
993 >        // we still have the reaction-field-mediated charge-dipole
994 >        // interaction:
995 >        if (summationMethod_ == esm_REACTION_FIELD && idat.excluded) {
996 >          rfContrib = C_b * pref * preRF_ * 2.0 * *(idat.rij);
997 >          indirect_Pot -= rfContrib * rdDa;
998 >          indirect_F   -= rfContrib * D_a / (*idat.rij);
999 >          indirect_Ta  -= C_b * pref * preRF_ * rxDa;
1000          }
1001        }
1002  
1003 <      if (j_is_Quadrupole) {
1004 <        // first precalculate some necessary variables
1005 <        cx2 = cx_j * cx_j;
1006 <        cy2 = cy_j * cy_j;
577 <        cz2 = cz_j * cz_j;
578 <        pref =  idat.electroMult * pre14_ * q_i * one_third_;
579 <          
580 <        if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
581 <          // assemble the damping variables
582 <          res = erfcSpline_->getValueAndDerivativeAt(idat.rij);
583 <          erfcVal = res.first;
584 <          derfcVal = res.second;
585 <          c1 = erfcVal * riji;
586 <          c2 = (-derfcVal + c1) * riji;
587 <          c3 = -2.0 * derfcVal * alpha2_ + 3.0 * c2 * riji;
588 <          c4 = -4.0 * derfcVal * alpha4_ + 5.0 * c3 * riji * riji;
589 <        } else {
590 <          c1 = riji;
591 <          c2 = c1 * riji;
592 <          c3 = 3.0 * c2 * riji;
593 <          c4 = 5.0 * c3 * riji * riji;
594 <        }
1003 >      if (b_is_Dipole) {
1004 >        pref = pre22_ * *(idat.electroMult);
1005 >        DadDb = dot(D_a, D_b);
1006 >        DaxDb = cross(D_a, D_b);
1007  
1008 <        // precompute variables for convenience
1009 <        preSw = idat.sw * pref;
1010 <        c2ri = c2 * riji;
1011 <        c3ri = c3 * riji;
1012 <        c4rij = c4 * idat.rij;
601 <        rhatdot2 = 2.0 * rhat * c3;
602 <        rhatc4 = rhat * c4rij;
1008 >        U  -= pref * (DadDb * v21 + rdDa * rdDb * v22);
1009 >        F  -= pref * (dv21 * DadDb * rhat + v22or * (rdDb * D_a + rdDa * D_b));
1010 >        F  -= pref * (rdDa * rdDb) * (dv22 - 2.0*v22or) * rhat;
1011 >        Ta += pref * ( v21 * DaxDb - v22 * rdDb * rxDa);
1012 >        Tb += pref * (-v21 * DaxDb - v22 * rdDa * rxDb);
1013  
1014 <        // calculate the potential
1015 <        pot_term = ( qxx_j * (cx2*c3 - c2ri) +
1016 <                     qyy_j * (cy2*c3 - c2ri) +
1017 <                     qzz_j * (cz2*c3 - c2ri) );
1018 <        vterm = pref * pot_term;
1019 <        idat.vpair += vterm;
1020 <        epot += idat.sw * vterm;
1021 <                
1022 <        // calculate derivatives for the forces and torques
1014 >        // Even if we excluded this pair from direct interactions, we
1015 >        // still have the reaction-field-mediated dipole-dipole
1016 >        // interaction:
1017 >        if (summationMethod_ == esm_REACTION_FIELD && idat.excluded) {
1018 >          rfContrib = -pref * preRF_ * 2.0;
1019 >          indirect_Pot += rfContrib * DadDb;
1020 >          indirect_Ta  += rfContrib * DaxDb;
1021 >          indirect_Tb  -= rfContrib * DaxDb;
1022 >        }
1023 >      }
1024  
1025 <        dVdr += -preSw * ( qxx_j* (cx2*rhatc4 - (2.0*cx_j*ux_j + rhat)*c3ri) +
1026 <                           qyy_j* (cy2*rhatc4 - (2.0*cy_j*uy_j + rhat)*c3ri) +
1027 <                           qzz_j* (cz2*rhatc4 - (2.0*cz_j*uz_j + rhat)*c3ri));
1028 <                          
1029 <        dudux_j += preSw * qxx_j * cx_j * rhatdot2;
1030 <        duduy_j += preSw * qyy_j * cy_j * rhatdot2;
1031 <        duduz_j += preSw * qzz_j * cz_j * rhatdot2;
1025 >      if (b_is_Quadrupole) {
1026 >        pref = pre24_ * *(idat.electroMult);
1027 >        DadQb = D_a * Q_b;
1028 >        DadQbr = dot(D_a, Qbr);
1029 >        DaxQbr = cross(D_a, Qbr);
1030 >
1031 >        U  -= pref * ((trQb*rdDa + 2.0*DadQbr)*v31 + rdDa*rdQbr*v32);
1032 >        F  -= pref * (trQb*D_a + 2.0*DadQb) * v31or;
1033 >        F  -= pref * (trQb*rdDa + 2.0*DadQbr) * (dv31-v31or) * rhat;
1034 >        F  -= pref * (D_a*rdQbr + 2.0*rdDa*rQb) * v32or;
1035 >        F  -= pref * (rdDa * rdQbr * rhat * (dv32-3.0*v32or));
1036 >        Ta += pref * ((-trQb*rxDa + 2.0 * DaxQbr)*v31 - rxDa*rdQbr*v32);
1037 >        Tb += pref * ((2.0*cross(DadQb, rhat) - 2.0*DaxQbr)*v31
1038 >                      - 2.0*rdDa*rxQbr*v32);
1039        }
1040      }
623    
624    if (i_is_Dipole) {
1041  
1042 <      if (j_is_Charge) {
1043 <        // variables used by all the methods
1044 <        pref = idat.electroMult * pre12_ * q_j * mu_i;
1045 <        preSw = idat.sw * pref;
1042 >    if (a_is_Quadrupole) {
1043 >      if (b_is_Charge) {
1044 >        pref = pre14_ * *(idat.electroMult);
1045 >        U  += C_b * pref * (v21 * trQa + v22 * rdQar);
1046 >        F  += C_b * pref * (trQa * rhat * dv21 + 2.0 * Qar * v22or);
1047 >        F  += C_b * pref * rdQar * rhat * (dv22 - 2.0*v22or);
1048 >        Ta += C_b * pref * 2.0 * rxQar * v22;
1049  
1050 <        if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
1050 >        if (b_is_Fluctuating) dUdCb += pref * (v21 * trQa + v22 * rdQar);
1051 >      }
1052 >      if (b_is_Dipole) {
1053 >        pref = pre24_ * *(idat.electroMult);
1054 >        DbdQa = D_b * Q_a;
1055 >        DbdQar = dot(D_b, Qar);
1056 >        DbxQar = cross(D_b, Qar);
1057  
1058 <          ri2 = riji * riji;
1059 <          ri3 = ri2 * riji;
1060 <
1061 <          vterm = pref * ct_i * ( ri2 - preRF2_ * idat.rij );
1062 <          idat.vpair += vterm;
1063 <          epot += idat.sw * vterm;
1064 <          
1065 <          dVdr += preSw * (ri3 * (uz_i - 3.0 * ct_i * rhat) - preRF2_ * uz_i);
1066 <          
1067 <          duduz_i += preSw * rhat * (ri2 - preRF2_ * idat.rij);
1068 <            
1069 <        } else {
1070 <          
1071 <          // determine inverse r if we are using split dipoles
1072 <          if (i_is_SplitDipole) {
1073 <            BigR = sqrt(idat.r2 + 0.25 * d_i * d_i);
1074 <            ri = 1.0 / BigR;
1075 <            scale = idat.rij * ri;
1076 <          } else {
1077 <            ri = riji;
1078 <            scale = 1.0;
1079 <          }
655 <          
656 <          sc2 = scale * scale;
657 <            
658 <          if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
659 <            // assemble the damping variables
660 <            res = erfcSpline_->getValueAndDerivativeAt(idat.rij);
661 <            erfcVal = res.first;
662 <            derfcVal = res.second;
663 <            c1 = erfcVal * ri;
664 <            c2 = (-derfcVal + c1) * ri;
665 <            c3 = -2.0 * derfcVal * alpha2_ + 3.0 * c2 * ri;
666 <          } else {
667 <            c1 = ri;
668 <            c2 = c1 * ri;
669 <            c3 = 3.0 * c2 * ri;
670 <          }
671 <          
672 <          c2ri = c2 * ri;
673 <              
674 <          // calculate the potential
675 <          pot_term = c2 * scale;
676 <          vterm = pref * ct_i * pot_term;
677 <          idat.vpair += vterm;
678 <          epot += idat.sw * vterm;
1058 >        U  += pref * ((trQa*rdDb + 2.0*DbdQar)*v31 + rdDb*rdQar*v32);
1059 >        F  += pref * (trQa*D_b + 2.0*DbdQa) * v31or;
1060 >        F  += pref * (trQa*rdDb + 2.0*DbdQar) * (dv31-v31or) * rhat;
1061 >        F  += pref * (D_b*rdQar + 2.0*rdDb*rQa) * v32or;
1062 >        F  += pref * (rdDb * rdQar * rhat * (dv32-3.0*v32or));
1063 >        Ta += pref * ((-2.0*cross(DbdQa, rhat) + 2.0*DbxQar)*v31
1064 >                      + 2.0*rdDb*rxQar*v32);
1065 >        Tb += pref * ((trQa*rxDb - 2.0 * DbxQar)*v31 + rxDb*rdQar*v32);
1066 >      }
1067 >      if (b_is_Quadrupole) {
1068 >        pref = pre44_ * *(idat.electroMult);  // yes
1069 >        QaQb = Q_a * Q_b;
1070 >        trQaQb = QaQb.trace();
1071 >        rQaQb = rhat * QaQb;
1072 >        QaQbr = QaQb * rhat;
1073 >        QaxQb = cross(Q_a, Q_b);
1074 >        rQaQbr = dot(rQa, Qbr);
1075 >        rQaxQbr = cross(rQa, Qbr);
1076 >        
1077 >        U  += pref * (trQa * trQb + 2.0 * trQaQb) * v41;
1078 >        U  += pref * (trQa * rdQbr + trQb * rdQar  + 4.0 * rQaQbr) * v42;
1079 >        U  += pref * (rdQar * rdQbr) * v43;
1080  
1081 <          // calculate derivatives for the forces and torques
1082 <          dVdr += preSw * (uz_i * c2ri - ct_i * rhat * sc2 * c3);
1083 <          duduz_i += preSw * pot_term * rhat;
683 <        }
684 <      }
1081 >        F  += pref * rhat * (trQa * trQb + 2.0 * trQaQb)*dv41;
1082 >        F  += pref*rhat*(trQa*rdQbr + trQb*rdQar + 4.0*rQaQbr)*(dv42-2.0*v42or);
1083 >        F  += pref * rhat * (rdQar * rdQbr)*(dv43 - 4.0*v43or);
1084  
1085 <      if (j_is_Dipole) {
1086 <        // variables used by all methods
1087 <        ct_ij = dot(uz_i, uz_j);
1085 >        F  += pref * 2.0 * (trQb*rQa + trQa*rQb) * v42or;
1086 >        F  += pref * 4.0 * (rQaQb + QaQbr) * v42or;
1087 >        F  += pref * 2.0 * (rQa*rdQbr + rdQar*rQb) * v43or;
1088  
1089 <        pref = idat.electroMult * pre22_ * mu_i * mu_j;
1090 <        preSw = idat.sw * pref;
1089 >        Ta += pref * (- 4.0 * QaxQb * v41);
1090 >        Ta += pref * (- 2.0 * trQb * cross(rQa, rhat)
1091 >                      + 4.0 * cross(rhat, QaQbr)
1092 >                      - 4.0 * rQaxQbr) * v42;
1093 >        Ta += pref * 2.0 * cross(rhat,Qar) * rdQbr * v43;
1094  
693        if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
694          ri2 = riji * riji;
695          ri3 = ri2 * riji;
696          ri4 = ri2 * ri2;
1095  
1096 <          vterm = pref * ( ri3 * (ct_ij - 3.0 * ct_i * ct_j) -
1097 <                           preRF2_ * ct_ij );
1098 <          idat.vpair += vterm;
1099 <          epot += idat.sw * vterm;
1100 <            
1101 <          a1 = 5.0 * ct_i * ct_j - ct_ij;
704 <            
705 <          dVdr += preSw * 3.0 * ri4 * (a1 * rhat - ct_i * uz_j - ct_j * uz_i);
1096 >        Tb += pref * (+ 4.0 * QaxQb * v41);
1097 >        Tb += pref * (- 2.0 * trQa * cross(rQb, rhat)
1098 >                      - 4.0 * cross(rQaQb, rhat)
1099 >                      + 4.0 * rQaxQbr) * v42;
1100 >        // Possible replacement for line 2 above:
1101 >        //             + 4.0 * cross(rhat, QbQar)
1102  
1103 <          duduz_i += preSw * (ri3 * (uz_j - 3.0 * ct_j * rhat) - preRF2_*uz_j);
708 <          duduz_j += preSw * (ri3 * (uz_i - 3.0 * ct_i * rhat) - preRF2_*uz_i);
1103 >        Tb += pref * 2.0 * cross(rhat,Qbr) * rdQar * v43;
1104  
1105 <        } else {
711 <          
712 <          if (i_is_SplitDipole) {
713 <            if (j_is_SplitDipole) {
714 <              BigR = sqrt(idat.r2 + 0.25 * d_i * d_i + 0.25 * d_j * d_j);
715 <            } else {
716 <              BigR = sqrt(idat.r2 + 0.25 * d_i * d_i);
717 <            }
718 <            ri = 1.0 / BigR;
719 <            scale = idat.rij * ri;
720 <          } else {
721 <            if (j_is_SplitDipole) {
722 <              BigR = sqrt(idat.r2 + 0.25 * d_j * d_j);
723 <              ri = 1.0 / BigR;
724 <              scale = idat.rij * ri;
725 <            } else {
726 <              ri = riji;
727 <              scale = 1.0;
728 <            }
729 <          }
730 <          if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
731 <            // assemble damping variables
732 <            res = erfcSpline_->getValueAndDerivativeAt(idat.rij);
733 <            erfcVal = res.first;
734 <            derfcVal = res.second;
735 <            c1 = erfcVal * ri;
736 <            c2 = (-derfcVal + c1) * ri;
737 <            c3 = -2.0 * derfcVal * alpha2_ + 3.0 * c2 * ri;
738 <            c4 = -4.0 * derfcVal * alpha4_ + 5.0 * c3 * ri * ri;
739 <          } else {
740 <            c1 = ri;
741 <            c2 = c1 * ri;
742 <            c3 = 3.0 * c2 * ri;
743 <            c4 = 5.0 * c3 * ri * ri;
744 <          }
745 <
746 <          // precompute variables for convenience
747 <          sc2 = scale * scale;
748 <          cti3 = ct_i * sc2 * c3;
749 <          ctj3 = ct_j * sc2 * c3;
750 <          ctidotj = ct_i * ct_j * sc2;
751 <          preSwSc = preSw * scale;
752 <          c2ri = c2 * ri;
753 <          c3ri = c3 * ri;
754 <          c4rij = c4 * idat.rij;
755 <
756 <          // calculate the potential
757 <          pot_term = (ct_ij * c2ri - ctidotj * c3);
758 <          vterm = pref * pot_term;
759 <          idat.vpair += vterm;
760 <          epot += idat.sw * vterm;
761 <
762 <          // calculate derivatives for the forces and torques
763 <          dVdr += preSwSc * ( ctidotj * rhat * c4rij  -
764 <                              (ct_i*uz_j + ct_j*uz_i + ct_ij*rhat) * c3ri);
765 <          
766 <          duduz_i += preSw * (uz_j * c2ri - ctj3 * rhat);
767 <          duduz_j += preSw * (uz_i * c2ri - cti3 * rhat);
768 <        }
1105 >        //  cerr << " tsum = " << Ta + Tb - cross(  *(idat.d) , F ) << "\n";
1106        }
1107      }
1108  
1109 <    if (i_is_Quadrupole) {
1110 <      if (j_is_Charge) {
1111 <        // precompute some necessary variables
1112 <        cx2 = cx_i * cx_i;
776 <        cy2 = cy_i * cy_i;
777 <        cz2 = cz_i * cz_i;
1109 >    if (idat.doElectricField) {
1110 >      *(idat.eField1) += Ea * *(idat.electroMult);
1111 >      *(idat.eField2) += Eb * *(idat.electroMult);
1112 >    }
1113  
1114 <        pref = idat.electroMult * pre14_ * q_j * one_third_;
1114 >    if (a_is_Fluctuating) *(idat.dVdFQ1) += dUdCa * *(idat.sw);
1115 >    if (b_is_Fluctuating) *(idat.dVdFQ2) += dUdCb * *(idat.sw);
1116  
1117 <        if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
1118 <          // assemble the damping variables
1119 <          res = erfcSpline_->getValueAndDerivativeAt(idat.rij);
1120 <          erfcVal = res.first;
1121 <          derfcVal = res.second;
1122 <          c1 = erfcVal * riji;
1123 <          c2 = (-derfcVal + c1) * riji;
1124 <          c3 = -2.0 * derfcVal * alpha2_ + 3.0 * c2 * riji;
789 <          c4 = -4.0 * derfcVal * alpha4_ + 5.0 * c3 * riji * riji;
790 <        } else {
791 <          c1 = riji;
792 <          c2 = c1 * riji;
793 <          c3 = 3.0 * c2 * riji;
794 <          c4 = 5.0 * c3 * riji * riji;
795 <        }
796 <          
797 <        // precompute some variables for convenience
798 <        preSw = idat.sw * pref;
799 <        c2ri = c2 * riji;
800 <        c3ri = c3 * riji;
801 <        c4rij = c4 * idat.rij;
802 <        rhatdot2 = 2.0 * rhat * c3;
803 <        rhatc4 = rhat * c4rij;
1117 >    if (!idat.excluded) {
1118 >      
1119 >      *(idat.vpair) += U;
1120 >      (*(idat.pot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] += U * *(idat.sw);
1121 >      *(idat.f1) += F * *(idat.sw);
1122 >      
1123 >      if (a_is_Dipole || a_is_Quadrupole)
1124 >        *(idat.t1) += Ta * *(idat.sw);
1125  
1126 <        // calculate the potential
1127 <        pot_term = ( qxx_i * (cx2 * c3 - c2ri) +
1128 <                     qyy_i * (cy2 * c3 - c2ri) +
1129 <                     qzz_i * (cz2 * c3 - c2ri) );
809 <        
810 <        vterm = pref * pot_term;
811 <        idat.vpair += vterm;
812 <        epot += idat.sw * vterm;
1126 >      if (b_is_Dipole || b_is_Quadrupole)
1127 >        *(idat.t2) += Tb * *(idat.sw);
1128 >      
1129 >    } else {
1130  
1131 <        // calculate the derivatives for the forces and torques
1131 >      // only accumulate the forces and torques resulting from the
1132 >      // indirect reaction field terms.
1133  
1134 <        dVdr += -preSw * (qxx_i* (cx2*rhatc4 - (2.0*cx_i*ux_i + rhat)*c3ri) +
1135 <                          qyy_i* (cy2*rhatc4 - (2.0*cy_i*uy_i + rhat)*c3ri) +
1136 <                          qzz_i* (cz2*rhatc4 - (2.0*cz_i*uz_i + rhat)*c3ri));
1137 <
1138 <        dudux_i += preSw * qxx_i * cx_i *  rhatdot2;
1139 <        duduy_i += preSw * qyy_i * cy_i *  rhatdot2;
1140 <        duduz_i += preSw * qzz_i * cz_i *  rhatdot2;
1141 <      }
1134 >      *(idat.vpair) += indirect_Pot;      
1135 >      (*(idat.excludedPot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] +=  excluded_Pot;
1136 >      (*(idat.pot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] += *(idat.sw) * indirect_Pot;
1137 >      *(idat.f1) += *(idat.sw) * indirect_F;
1138 >      
1139 >      if (a_is_Dipole || a_is_Quadrupole)
1140 >        *(idat.t1) += *(idat.sw) * indirect_Ta;
1141 >            
1142 >      if (b_is_Dipole || b_is_Quadrupole)
1143 >        *(idat.t2) += *(idat.sw) * indirect_Tb;
1144      }
825
826    idat.pot += epot;
827    idat.f1 += dVdr;
828
829    if (i_is_Dipole || i_is_Quadrupole)
830      idat.t1 -= cross(uz_i, duduz_i);
831    if (i_is_Quadrupole) {
832      idat.t1 -= cross(ux_i, dudux_i);
833      idat.t1 -= cross(uy_i, duduy_i);
834    }
835
836    if (j_is_Dipole || j_is_Quadrupole)
837      idat.t2 -= cross(uz_j, duduz_j);
838    if (j_is_Quadrupole) {
839      idat.t2 -= cross(uz_j, dudux_j);
840      idat.t2 -= cross(uz_j, duduy_j);
841    }
842
1145      return;
1146 <  }  
1146 >  }
1147 >    
1148 >  void Electrostatic::calcSelfCorrection(SelfData &sdat) {
1149  
846  void Electrostatic::calcSkipCorrection(SkipCorrectionData skdat) {
847
1150      if (!initialized_) initialize();
1151 +
1152 +    ElectrostaticAtomData data = ElectrostaticMap[sdat.atype];
1153      
850    ElectrostaticAtomData data1 = ElectrostaticMap[skdat.atype1];
851    ElectrostaticAtomData data2 = ElectrostaticMap[skdat.atype2];
852    
1154      // logicals
1155 <
1156 <    bool i_is_Charge = data1.is_Charge;
1157 <    bool i_is_Dipole = data1.is_Dipole;
1158 <
1159 <    bool j_is_Charge = data2.is_Charge;
859 <    bool j_is_Dipole = data2.is_Dipole;
860 <
861 <    RealType q_i, q_j;
1155 >    bool i_is_Charge = data.is_Charge;
1156 >    bool i_is_Dipole = data.is_Dipole;
1157 >    bool i_is_Fluctuating = data.is_Fluctuating;
1158 >    RealType C_a = data.fixedCharge;  
1159 >    RealType self, preVal, DadDa;
1160      
1161 <    // The skippedCharge computation is needed by the real-space cutoff methods
1162 <    // (i.e. shifted force and shifted potential)
1163 <
1164 <    if (i_is_Charge) {
1165 <      q_i = data1.charge;
1166 <      skdat.skippedCharge2 += q_i;
1161 >    if (i_is_Fluctuating) {
1162 >      C_a += *(sdat.flucQ);
1163 >      // dVdFQ is really a force, so this is negative the derivative
1164 >      *(sdat.dVdFQ) -=  *(sdat.flucQ) * data.hardness + data.electronegativity;
1165 >      (*(sdat.excludedPot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] += (*sdat.flucQ) *
1166 >        (*(sdat.flucQ) * data.hardness * 0.5 + data.electronegativity);
1167      }
1168  
1169 <    if (j_is_Charge) {
1170 <      q_j = data2.charge;
873 <      skdat.skippedCharge1 += q_j;
874 <    }
875 <
876 <    // the rest of this function should only be necessary for reaction field.
877 <
878 <    if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
879 <      RealType riji, ri2, ri3;
880 <      RealType q_i, mu_i, ct_i;
881 <      RealType q_j, mu_j, ct_j;
882 <      RealType preVal, rfVal, vterm, dudr, pref, myPot;
883 <      Vector3d dVdr, uz_i, uz_j, duduz_i, duduz_j, rhat;
884 <
885 <      // some variables we'll need independent of electrostatic type:
1169 >    switch (summationMethod_) {
1170 >    case esm_REACTION_FIELD:
1171        
887      riji = 1.0 / skdat.rij;
888      rhat = skdat.d  * riji;
889
890      if (i_is_Dipole) {
891        mu_i = data1.dipole_moment;
892        uz_i = skdat.eFrame1.getColumn(2);      
893        ct_i = dot(uz_i, rhat);
894        duduz_i = V3Zero;
895      }
896            
897      if (j_is_Dipole) {
898        mu_j = data2.dipole_moment;
899        uz_j = skdat.eFrame2.getColumn(2);      
900        ct_j = dot(uz_j, rhat);
901        duduz_j = V3Zero;
902      }
903    
1172        if (i_is_Charge) {
1173 <        if (j_is_Charge) {
1174 <          preVal = skdat.electroMult * pre11_ * q_i * q_j;
1175 <          rfVal = preRF_ * skdat.rij * skdat.rij;
1176 <          vterm = preVal * rfVal;
1177 <          myPot += skdat.sw * vterm;        
910 <          dudr  = skdat.sw * preVal * 2.0 * rfVal * riji;        
911 <          dVdr += dudr * rhat;
912 <        }
913 <        
914 <        if (j_is_Dipole) {
915 <          ri2 = riji * riji;
916 <          ri3 = ri2 * riji;        
917 <          pref = skdat.electroMult * pre12_ * q_i * mu_j;
918 <          vterm = - pref * ct_j * ( ri2 - preRF2_ * skdat.rij );
919 <          myPot += skdat.sw * vterm;        
920 <          dVdr += -skdat.sw * pref * ( ri3 * ( uz_j - 3.0 * ct_j * rhat) - preRF2_ * uz_j);
921 <          duduz_j += -skdat.sw * pref * rhat * (ri2 - preRF2_ * skdat.rij);
922 <        }
1173 >        // Self potential [see Wang and Hermans, "Reaction Field
1174 >        // Molecular Dynamics Simulation with Friedman’s Image Charge
1175 >        // Method," J. Phys. Chem. 99, 12001-12007 (1995).]
1176 >        preVal = pre11_ * preRF_ * C_a * C_a;
1177 >        (*(sdat.pot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] -= 0.5 * preVal / cutoffRadius_;
1178        }
1179 +
1180        if (i_is_Dipole) {
1181 <        if (j_is_Charge) {
1182 <          ri2 = riji * riji;
927 <          ri3 = ri2 * riji;        
928 <          pref = skdat.electroMult * pre12_ * q_j * mu_i;
929 <          vterm = - pref * ct_i * ( ri2 - preRF2_ * skdat.rij );
930 <          myPot += skdat.sw * vterm;        
931 <          dVdr += skdat.sw * pref * ( ri3 * ( uz_i - 3.0 * ct_i * rhat) - preRF2_ * uz_i);      
932 <          duduz_i += skdat.sw * pref * rhat * (ri2 - preRF2_ * skdat.rij);
933 <        }
1181 >        DadDa = data.dipole.lengthSquare();
1182 >        (*(sdat.pot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] -= pre22_ * preRF_ * DadDa;
1183        }
1184        
1185 <      // accumulate the forces and torques resulting from the self term
937 <      skdat.pot += myPot;
938 <      skdat.f1 += dVdr;
1185 >      break;
1186        
1187 <      if (i_is_Dipole)
1188 <        skdat.t1 -= cross(uz_i, duduz_i);
1189 <      if (j_is_Dipole)
1190 <        skdat.t2 -= cross(uz_j, duduz_j);
1191 <    }
945 <  }
946 <    
947 <  void Electrostatic::calcSelfCorrection(SelfCorrectionData scdat) {
948 <    RealType mu1, preVal, chg1, self;
949 <    
950 <    if (!initialized_) initialize();
951 <    
952 <    ElectrostaticAtomData data = ElectrostaticMap[scdat.atype];
953 <  
954 <    // logicals
955 <
956 <    bool i_is_Charge = data.is_Charge;
957 <    bool i_is_Dipole = data.is_Dipole;
958 <
959 <    if (summationMethod_ == REACTION_FIELD) {
960 <      if (i_is_Dipole) {
961 <        mu1 = data.dipole_moment;          
962 <        preVal = pre22_ * preRF2_ * mu1 * mu1;
963 <        scdat.pot -= 0.5 * preVal;
964 <        
965 <        // The self-correction term adds into the reaction field vector
966 <        Vector3d uz_i = scdat.eFrame.getColumn(2);
967 <        Vector3d ei = preVal * uz_i;
968 <
969 <        // This looks very wrong.  A vector crossed with itself is zero.
970 <        scdat.t -= cross(uz_i, ei);
1187 >    case esm_SHIFTED_FORCE:
1188 >    case esm_SHIFTED_POTENTIAL:
1189 >      if (i_is_Charge) {
1190 >        self = - selfMult_ * C_a * (C_a + *(sdat.skippedCharge)) * pre11_;
1191 >        (*(sdat.pot))[ELECTROSTATIC_FAMILY] += self;
1192        }
1193 <    } else if (summationMethod_ == SHIFTED_FORCE || summationMethod_ == SHIFTED_POTENTIAL) {
1194 <      if (i_is_Charge) {        
1195 <        chg1 = data.charge;
975 <        if (screeningMethod_ == DAMPED) {
976 <          self = - 0.5 * (c1c_ + alphaPi_) * chg1 * (chg1 + scdat.skippedCharge) * pre11_;
977 <        } else {        
978 <          self = - 0.5 * rcuti_ * chg1 * (chg1 + scdat.skippedCharge) * pre11_;
979 <        }
980 <        scdat.pot += self;
981 <      }
1193 >      break;
1194 >    default:
1195 >      break;
1196      }
1197    }
1198 <
1199 <  RealType Electrostatic::getSuggestedCutoffRadius(AtomType* at1, AtomType* at2) {
1198 >  
1199 >  RealType Electrostatic::getSuggestedCutoffRadius(pair<AtomType*, AtomType*> atypes) {
1200      // This seems to work moderately well as a default.  There's no
1201      // inherent scale for 1/r interactions that we can standardize.
1202      // 12 angstroms seems to be a reasonably good guess for most

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